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What is a good spend under management? The answer depends on three things you can measure

The honest answer to what share of spend procurement should manage: the 60 to 85 percent figures quoted depend on what managed means, on which spend is addressable, and on whether the figure is computed from invoices or claimed from contracts. This page gives the ranges by maturity, the three measurable things that set the right figure for one organisation, and the table to compute before anyone quotes a percentage.

The short answerA good spend under management depends on the definition. Surveys put typical organisations at 55 to 70 percent and leaders at 80 to 90, but those are self-reported and most count a category as managed if a contract exists anywhere in it. Computed from invoices, as spend on a current contract, with an approved supplier, through the agreed channel, the same organisations usually sit fifteen to twenty-five points lower. It depends on what is addressable, since tax, payroll and intercompany are excluded by everyone and rent, utilities and legal fees by some. And it depends on the contract file being current. Compute it invoice by invoice against a stated rule and a stated addressable base, and the figure means the same thing every quarter.

Spend under management is managed spend over addressable spend, and both halves are definitions. This page sets them and gives the table.

The ranges, and what they measure

Source Figure How measured
Survey, typical organisation 55 to 70 percent Self-reported, category level
Survey, leaders 80 to 90 percent Self-reported, category level
Invoice-level, typical 35 to 55 percent Each invoice tested
Invoice-level, mature 60 to 75 percent Each invoice tested

The gap between the rows is definition, not performance.

The three things that decide it

1. Managed, as a test per invoice

Managed if: supplier on a contract in force on the invoice date, and the category is covered by it, and the purchase used the agreed channel

Invoice Supplier on contract? In force on date? Category covered? Channel? Managed?
1 Yes Yes Yes PO Yes
2 Yes Expired 3 months before No
3 Yes Yes No: contract is for laptops, invoice is for consulting No
4 No No
5 Yes Yes Yes Card, no PO No, or partially, by the stated rule

The worked example on ten invoices applies the test line by line.

2. The addressable base, with the exclusions listed

Item Amount Treatment
Total spend $200,000,000
Payroll and taxes $70,000,000 Excluded
Intercompany $15,000,000 Excluded
Regulatory fees $3,000,000 Excluded
Addressable $112,000,000 Denominator
Of which marketing, legal, consulting $22,000,000 Included

Dropping the last row raises the rate by ten points without managing anything.

3. The contract file, current

A rate is only as good as the contract file's end dates. Contracts with no end date, contracts expired and still flagged active, and suppliers duplicated under two names each move the figure. The contract file's own quality row, percent with a valid end date, percent mapped to a supplier identifier in the ledger, sits beside the rate.

The table to compute

Measure Formula From
Addressable spend Total − listed exclusions Ledger
Managed spend Sum of invoices passing the test Ledger, contract file
Spend under management Managed ÷ addressable Above
By category Same Same
Off-contract with a contracted supplier Invoices failing the category or date test Same
Off-contract, contract exists elsewhere in category Maverick spend Same
Contract file quality Valid end date; mapped supplier Contract file
Identity Addressable = managed + unmanaged; total = addressable + excluded Ledger

The spend under management guide covers the measure in full.

Where the question goes wrong

Category-level claim. Eighty-five percent, with a third of the invoices in each category off-contract.

Addressable trimmed. Legal and marketing excluded because they are hard.

Expired contracts counted. The rate holds while the cover lapses.

Survey benchmark chased. A true 55 judged against a self-reported 85.

The short answer

A good spend under management is 60 to 75 percent computed invoice by invoice against a stated test and a full addressable base, rising against the organisation's own prior year, with the contract file's quality shown beside it. Self-reported figures in the eighties are a different measure. Covirage computes it from the ledger and the contract file every month with both identities checked.

Questions people ask

What does managed mean?

State it as a test each invoice passes or fails: the supplier is on a contract that was in force on the invoice date, the category is covered by that contract, and the purchase went through the agreed channel. Pass all three and the invoice is managed. A contract that expired last year does not count; nor does a purchase from a contracted supplier in a category the contract does not cover.

What is addressable spend?

Total spend less what procurement cannot influence by anyone's definition: taxes, payroll, intercompany transfers, regulatory fees. The exclusions are listed, with amounts. Everything else is addressable, including the categories procurement has never been invited into, such as marketing, legal and consulting, because leaving them out is how a figure of 90 percent is reached.

Why is the invoice-based figure lower than the survey figure?

Because surveys count categories and invoices count purchases. A category with a contract is called managed; inside it, a third of invoices may be with other suppliers or off-contract items. The invoice-level figure sees those. It is lower and it is the true one.