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Blog · Coverage and territory · Trading

What is a good hit ratio on a trading desk? The answer depends on three things you can measure

The honest answer to what hit ratio a sales trading desk should run: the 20 to 40 percent figures quoted on credit and rates desks depend on the product, on whether the ratio is by inquiry count or by size, and on the client mix, because a desk that is in competition on every inquiry from a large client will run lower than one that sees only the inquiries it is likely to win. This page gives the ranges by product, the three measurable things that set the right figure for one desk, and the table to compute before anyone quotes a percentage.

The short answerA good hit ratio depends on the product, the basis and the client mix. Electronic RFQ desks in liquid products run 15 to 30 percent because every inquiry goes to several dealers; voice desks in less liquid products run 30 to 50 because clients ask fewer dealers. By size the ratio is usually lower than by count, since the large inquiries are the most competed. And the ratio per client varies more than the ratio per desk, so a desk-level figure is an average of clients who show the desk everything and clients who show it only what they mean to trade elsewhere. Compute it per client and product, count- and size-weighted, against the desk's own prior period, and the question answers itself.

Hit ratio is trades done over inquiries received, and on a trading desk the question is what the quotient should be. It depends on the product, the weighting and the client, and each is on the desk's own data.

The ranges, by product and channel

Product, channel Hit ratio by count, typical
IG credit, electronic RFQ 15 to 25 percent
IG credit, voice 30 to 45 percent
HY credit, voice 35 to 50 percent
Rates, electronic 18 to 30 percent
Rates, voice 30 to 45 percent
FX, electronic 20 to 35 percent
EM, voice 35 to 55 percent

The width inside each row is mostly client mix.

The three things that decide it

1. Product and channel, kept separate

Hit ratio = inquiries traded ÷ inquiries received, per product, per channel, over a stated period

A desk that reports one number across voice and electronic reports an average of two different competitions. Split them, and compare each to its own prior period.

2. Count- and size-weighted

Size-weighted hit ratio = notional traded ÷ notional inquired

Client Inquiries Traded By count Notional inquired Notional traded By size
X 40 18 45% $400m $32m 8%
Y 20 6 30% $200m $70m 35%

X looks like the better client by count and is the price-checker by size. The size-weighted hit ratio piece and the worked example on ten inquiries compute both.

3. Per client, against the client's own history

Client This quarter Last quarter Prior year Inquiries this quarter
X 45% 44% 42% 40
Y 30% 38% 41% 20
Z 22% 24% 23% 60

Y is down eleven points against itself with inquiries steady. That is the row, whatever the desk average does. The client tiering piece uses the same table to decide where the desk's effort goes.

The table to compute

Measure Formula From
Hit ratio by count Traded ÷ inquired, per client, product, channel Inquiry log and blotter
Hit ratio by size Notional traded ÷ notional inquired Same
Inquiry count Inquiries per client per period Inquiry log
Change vs prior period, per client Ratio now − ratio then Same
Margin on trades won From the blotter, per client Blotter
Identity Inquiries = traded + passed + lost + no quote Inquiry log

The identity is the check that the inquiry log is complete: a desk that logs only the inquiries it quoted on has a hit ratio on the inquiries it chose to count.

Where the question goes wrong

Voice and electronic blended. A number that is neither.

Count only. The price-checker at the top of the client list.

Desk average only. Y's slide invisible.

Inquiries not all logged. A ratio on the desk's own selection.

The short answer

A good hit ratio is one computed per product and channel, by count and by size, per client against the client's own history, with the inquiry log complete. Electronic desks in liquid products at 20 to 25 and voice desks at 35 to 45 are in normal range; the per-client size-weighted table is where the desk's next quarter is. Covirage computes it from the inquiry log and the blotter each week with the identity checked.

Questions people ask

Why is the electronic hit ratio so much lower?

Because an electronic RFQ goes to five dealers at once and one wins. Twenty percent is the arithmetic of five in competition, and a desk at 25 is winning more than its share. A voice inquiry often goes to two dealers, and 40 percent is the same arithmetic. The ratio is comparable only within a channel.

Is a higher hit ratio always better?

No. A desk can raise its hit ratio by quoting aggressively and losing money on what it wins, or by declining to quote anything it might lose. Hit ratio beside inquiry count, quoted volume and the margin on trades won is the read. A ratio rising while inquiries fall is a desk that is being shown less.

What does the per-client ratio tell a salesperson?

Which clients are showing the desk real interest and which are using it for a price check. A client at 45 percent by count and 8 percent by size is trading the small tickets with the desk and the large ones elsewhere. That is a conversation, and the size-weighted piece on this site works it.