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Blog · Board and management reporting · Investment banking

Coverage KPIs for investment banking: ten measures that matter, each with its formula and the export it comes from

The ten coverage KPIs an investment bank should run on, each with its formula, the export it comes from and what it tells you: share of client fee wallet, pitch to mandate conversion, coverage recency by wallet, league table position against client wallet, senior contact breadth, product penetration per client, revenue concentration, pipeline of mandated and pitched deals, coverage officer transitions, and return on balance sheet committed. Also the three measures most banks miss, the figures to drop, the identities, and who owns what.

The short answerAn investment bank's coverage organisation should run on ten measures: share of each client's fee wallet; pitch to mandate conversion by sector team and product; coverage recency weighted by wallet; league table position set against the wallet of the bank's own clients; breadth of senior contacts per client; products used per client against the norm; revenue concentration; the pipeline of mandated and pitched transactions; continuity through coverage officer transitions; and return on balance sheet committed to each client. They come from the revenue ledger, third-party fee data where licensed, the pitch log, the CRM and the lending book. The three most often missed are pitch conversion, because pitches are rarely logged with their outcomes; wallet-weighted recency, because contact reports count meetings and not who they were with; and the return on lending extended to win ancillary business that then went elsewhere.

An investment bank's clients pay fees a few times a year, to a small number of banks, for work that is pitched long before it is mandated. The measures that matter show how much of each client's fee wallet the bank takes, which pitches convert, and whether senior people are in front of the clients whose wallet is largest.

The ten measures

# Measure Formula Export What it tells you
1 Share of client fee wallet Bank's fees from the client ÷ client's estimated total fees paid, trailing 3 years, by product Revenue ledger; third-party fee data Whether a client is a success or a missed opportunity
2 Pitch to mandate conversion Pitches mandated to the bank ÷ pitches decided, by sector team and product Pitch log Which teams pitch well, and which pitch often
3 Coverage recency, wallet-weighted Wallet of clients with a senior touch within cadence ÷ total covered wallet CRM; wallet estimates Whether the largest wallets are being seen
4 League table position against client wallet Bank's rank by fees among its covered clients, by sector and product Fee data; coverage list Where the bank ranks where it matters
5 Senior contact breadth Distinct C-suite and board contacts with activity in 12 months, per client CRM Relationships resting on one person
6 Products per client against norm Products with revenue in 3 years ÷ norm for client type Revenue ledger Single-product relationships
7 Revenue concentration Top twenty clients' share of fees; largest single client Revenue ledger Dependence on a few mandates
8 Pipeline: mandated and pitched Expected fees by stage and expected close, with age in stage Deal pipeline What next year's revenue rests on
9 Transition continuity Days from coverage change to first senior touch; wallet share before and after CRM; coverage history Clients lost in handovers
10 Return on balance sheet committed Total client revenue ÷ capital committed to the client Revenue ledger; lending book Lending that did not bring the ancillary business

Every one of these is computed per account, per coverage officer and sector team, and in total, and every one carries an identity that must hold before the table is shown.

The three most investment banks miss

Pitch conversion. Most pitch logs record that a pitch happened and never what became of it.

Wallet-weighted recency. Meeting counts reward activity with small clients who are easy to see.

Return on balance sheet. The loan was justified by future fees. Whether the fees came is seldom checked client by client.

A worked line

A client paid an estimated $38 million in fees over three years. The bank earned $1.9 million: 5 percent. It has $150 million of lending committed to the client and pitched four times with no mandate. The last contact with the chief financial officer was eleven months ago; all recent activity is with the treasurer. The relationship looks active in the CRM and is failing on every measure that involves the wallet.

What to drop

Meetings logged. Replace with wallet-weighted recency and contact seniority.

Market-wide league table rank, alone. Rank among covered clients is the commercial figure.

Pitches made. A cost until conversion is known.

The identities

Table Must hold
Wallet share Client fees by product sum to the revenue ledger
Pitch conversion Pitches = mandated to us + mandated elsewhere + not proceeded + open
Coverage Every covered client has one lead officer
Return Client revenue and capital tie to the finance totals

A table whose identity fails is a table with a row missing or counted twice. It is not shown until it is fixed.

Who owns what

Measure Owner Reviewed
Recency; senior contact breadth; transitions Sector heads; head of coverage Monthly
Pitch conversion; pipeline Sector and product heads Monthly
Wallet share; rank among clients; products per client Head of coverage Quarterly
Return on balance sheet; concentration Head of coverage with finance and credit Quarterly

A measure with no owner is a metric, not a KPI; see KPI versus metric versus measure.

Go deeper

The short version

Ten measures from the revenue ledger, fee data, the pitch log and the CRM. Put the wallet under every one of them, and log what became of each pitch. Covirage computes all of them from the exports coverage teams already produce, files only, with the definitions stated and the identities checked. See Covirage for investment banks.

Questions people ask

How is a client's fee wallet estimated?

From licensed third-party fee data on announced and completed transactions, adjusted with what the coverage officer knows about unannounced business. It is an estimate, shown with its source, and it lags. It is still the only denominator that says whether a client paying the bank two million is a success or a missed opportunity.

What should count as a pitch?

A prepared proposal delivered to a decision-maker on a specific transaction or idea, logged with date, product, team and the eventual outcome: mandated to us, mandated elsewhere, not proceeded. Without the outcome field, conversion cannot be computed, and the bank cannot tell which teams pitch well and which pitch often.

Why set league tables against client wallet?

A league table ranks the bank across the whole market. What matters commercially is rank among the clients it covers and has lent to. A bank that is eighth in a sector overall can be second among its own clients, or fifteenth; the second is a coverage problem no market-wide table reveals.